Cirurgia bariátrica: aspectos clínico-cirúrgicos e cuidados nutricionais inerentes

Trabalho Complementar apresentado à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de licenciado em Ciências da NutriçãoA obesidade é na actualidade considerada uma epidemia global. A sua prevalência tem aumentado continuamente até taxas alarmantes, quer nos países desenvolvidos quer nos países em vias de desenvolvimento. A cirurgia bariátrica é considerada a forma de tratamento mais eficaz no que se refere à morbilidade dos pacientes obesos. Este tipo de cirurgia apresenta vantagens evidentes na saúde, embora as suas limitações também sejam evidentes, principalmente no que diz respeito às deficiências nutricionais após a realização da mesma. Desta forma, a possibilidade de ocorrência de deficiências nutricionais deve ser devidamente considerada pelos profissionais envolvidos de forma conseguir uma melhor e mais rápida recuperação do estado nutricional do doente. Os objectivos desta revisão bibliográfica são, classificar e caracterizar os principais tipos de cirurgias; elucidar as vantagens e limitações deste tipo de intervenções; revisão de critérios a seguir para um follow-up adequado assim como recomendações dietéticas e alimentares que advêm da cirurgia bariátrica. Obesity is nowadays considered a global epidemic. Its prevalence has increased steadily up to alarming rates, whether in developed or in developing countries. Bariatric surgery is considered the most effective treatment in terms of morbidity obese patients. This type of surgery offers advantages in health, but also its limitations are apparent, particularly with regard to nutritional deficiencies after the completion thereof. Thus, the possibility of nutritional deficiencies should be properly considered by the professionals involved in order to achieve a better and faster recovery of the patient's nutritional status. The objectives of this literature review are to characterize and classify the main types of surgeries; elucidate the advantages and limitations of this type of intervention, revising criteria to follow for a follow-up as appropriate dietary recommendations and food that come from bariatric surgery

Development of a Circuit Breaker Health Index Algorithm and Real-time closed-loop Testing

Modelling an electric arc within a circuit breaker, sending it to an IED and outputting it to a COMTRADE file. With the COMTRADE, develop an algorithm to create the Health Index of the circuit breaker. This allows to evaluate the condition of various circuit breakers based on COMTRADE files

Cirurgia bariátrica: aspectos clínico-cirúrgicos e cuidados nutricionais inerentes

Trabalho Complementar apresentado à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de licenciado em Ciências da NutriçãoA obesidade é na actualidade considerada uma epidemia global. A sua prevalência tem aumentado continuamente até taxas alarmantes, quer nos países desenvolvidos quer nos países em vias de desenvolvimento. A cirurgia bariátrica é considerada a forma de tratamento mais eficaz no que se refere à morbilidade dos pacientes obesos. Este tipo de cirurgia apresenta vantagens evidentes na saúde, embora as suas limitações também sejam evidentes, principalmente no que diz respeito às deficiências nutricionais após a realização da mesma. Desta forma, a possibilidade de ocorrência de deficiências nutricionais deve ser devidamente considerada pelos profissionais envolvidos de forma conseguir uma melhor e mais rápida recuperação do estado nutricional do doente. Os objectivos desta revisão bibliográfica são, classificar e caracterizar os principais tipos de cirurgias; elucidar as vantagens e limitações deste tipo de intervenções; revisão de critérios a seguir para um follow-up adequado assim como recomendações dietéticas e alimentares que advêm da cirurgia bariátrica. Obesity is nowadays considered a global epidemic. Its prevalence has increased steadily up to alarming rates, whether in developed or in developing countries. Bariatric surgery is considered the most effective treatment in terms of morbidity obese patients. This type of surgery offers advantages in health, but also its limitations are apparent, particularly with regard to nutritional deficiencies after the completion thereof. Thus, the possibility of nutritional deficiencies should be properly considered by the professionals involved in order to achieve a better and faster recovery of the patient's nutritional status. The objectives of this literature review are to characterize and classify the main types of surgeries; elucidate the advantages and limitations of this type of intervention, revising criteria to follow for a follow-up as appropriate dietary recommendations and food that come from bariatric surgery

Analysis of the crack growth behavior in a double cantilever beam adhesive fracture test using digital image processing techniques

Digital image processing (DIP) techniques offer interesting possibilities in various fields of science.Automated analyses may significantly reduce the necessary manpower for certain cumbersometasks. The analysis of large series of images may be done in less time, since automatedimage processing techniques are able to work efficiently and with constant quality 24h per day.In this work, a series of images obtained by a high-speed camera is analyzed in order to determinethe crack growth behavior during a double cantilever beam (DCB) test [1]. The presentwork represents a contribution to the effort of automatizing the crack growth measurement,comparing various different techniques which may later be optimized for a specific task.Detecting cracks automatically from test images obtained by a digital camera is a difficult task,since the quality of crack images depends on the test conditions. The roughness of the specimensurface, luminance condition, and the camera itself may influence the detection quality.The specimens tested in this work where painted with white colour since this was found to leadto the best contrast for crack detection. High accuracy may only be expected if a sufficientlyhigh resolution is acquired by the camera and if the available lens setup is optimized for thespecific task.The DCB test is performed in order to obtain the experimental compliance-crack length curveof a polymeric adhesive. Accurate and reliable crack length measurement is indispensable forthe generation of the previously mentioned compliance-crack length curves. It should be notedthat due to the lenses used, unlike shown by Ryu [2], the distance to the specimen is higher than800 mm. This distance has to be reduced by the use of a different lens setup in order to get abetter accuracy of the results. Nevertheless a comparison between different DIP methods is possible.Four different algorithms were developed using The MathWorks MatLab, Massachusetts[3] in order to automatically measure the crack length and a comparison of the obtained resultsis made.Algorithm A is based on thresholding [4] each image of the sequence in order to detect thewhite painted region around the crack. In algorithm B, the image sequence is processed by afilter which reinforces horizontal lines such as the crack, and then isolated pixels are removedfrom the images using morphological cleaning [4]. In algorithm C, the first of two consecutiveimages is subtracted from the second one in order to detect the crack as a difference betweenboth images. Algorithm D is based on the optical flow concept developed by Horn [5]. Thebasic idea is to determine the velocity of each pixel in the image when this changes its positionfrom one image to the next in the analyzed sequence, and relate this information to the growing crack

O Role Play como ferramenta no desenvolvimento das competências comunicativas dos alunos do ensino básico

Este trabalho aborda o uso do Role Play como ferramenta no desenvolvimento das competências comunicativas dos alunos do ensino básico. O objecto de estudo são duas turmas do ensino básico, uma do 1º ciclo outra do 3º ciclo. O objectivo desta "Investigação-Acção" é melhorar a fluência linguística dos alunos assim como alterar os seus hábitos de interacção, encorajando os alunos a comunicarem de forma mais regular entre eles e menos com o professor. É neste contexto que o Role Play surge como ferramenta ideal pois permite ao professor criar múltiplos contextos onde os alunos são encorajados a utilizar a língua alvo sem que o professor intervenha de forma sistemática nas aulas. Os resultados desta "Investigação-Acção" foram interessantes e indicam que o Role Play pode ser uma ferramenta útil na sala de aula

Viral genetic clustering and transmission dynamics of the 2022 mpox outbreak in Portugal

Pathogen genome sequencing during epidemics enhances our ability to identify and understand suspected clusters and investigate their relationships. Here, we combine genomic and epidemiological data of the 2022 mpox outbreak to better understand early viral spread, diversification and transmission dynamics. By sequencing 52% of the confirmed cases in Portugal, we identified the mpox virus sublineages with the highest impact on case numbers and fitted them into a global context, finding evidence that several international sublineages probably emerged or spread early in Portugal. We estimated a 62% infection reporting rate and that 1.3% of the population of men who have sex with men in Portugal were infected. We infer the critical role played by sexual networks and superspreader gatherings, such as sauna attendance, in the dissemination of mpox virus. Overall, our findings highlight genomic epidemiology as a tool for the real-time monitoring and control of mpox epidemics, and can guide future vaccine policy in a highly susceptible population.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost